Studying the Effect of Income on Punitive Attitudes with a Two-List Factorial

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Principal investigators:

James Yocom

University of Wisconsin - Madison

Sara Wakefield

Rutgers University- Newark

Email: sara.wakefield@rutgers.edu

Homepage: http://rscj.newark.rutgers.edu/faculty/member/wakefield-sara/


Sample size: 1013

Field period: 02/11/2005-02/16/2005

Abstract

This project examines an often observed positive relationship in public opinion data between earned household income and punitive attitudes. Specifically, we investigate whether this relationship is mediated by experiences with the US Criminal Justice System (CJS). As well as testing our substantive hypothesis about the
mediating effects of criminal justice experiences, this project has a second, purely methodological objective of examining a new technique for factorial survey design. This technique will enable us to estimate the effects of CJS experience statistically without asking about any individual's specific experiences.

Hypotheses

Does personal experience with the criminal justice system mediate the frequently observed relationship between income and punitive attitudes?

Experimental Manipulations

Group 1: Four questions asking number of major life events experienced in recent years, and 1 question with a check-list of major life events
Group 2: Four questions asking number of major life events experienced in recent years, and 1 question with a check-list of major life events

Outcomes

Five attitudinal questions on punishment.

Summary of Results

The data are still being analyzed.

Conclusions

The data are still being analyzed.

Additional Information

The lists in the experimental manipulation are chosen to allow estimating the effect of personal experience with the criminal justice system on punitive attitudes, though respondents only answer the total of life events applicable to them. This study extends the well-known "list method" used to ask sensitive questions in factorial-type surveys.

References

Yocom, James. 2007. Categories and categorization effects in the study of punitive attitudes. University of Wisconsin--Madison. Master's thesis.